C Programming: String

String: In C programming, a string is a sequence of characters terminated with a null character \0.

Example:
char c[] = “bangladesh”;

How to declare a string?
Here’s how you can declare strings:

char s[5];

How to initialize strings?
You can initialize strings in a number of ways.

char c[] = “abcd”;

char c[50] = “abcd”;

char c[] = {‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’, ‘\0’};

char c[5] = {‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’, ‘d’, ‘\0’};

Assigning Values to Strings
Arrays and strings are second-class citizens in C; they do not support the assignment operator once it is declared. For example,

char c[100];

Example 1: scanf() to read a string
#include
int main()
{
char name[20];
printf(“Enter name: “);
scanf(“%s”, name);
printf(“Your name is %s.”, name);
return 0;
}
Output

Enter name: Dennis Ritchie
Your name is Dennis.

strcmp

#include "stdio.h"
#include "string.h"

int main()
{
    char word_1[1000], word_2[1000];

    printf("Enter 1st string: ");
        gets(word_1);

    printf("Enter 2nd string: ");
        gets(word_2);

    if (strcmp (word_1, word_2) == 0)
        printf ("Strings are same. \n");

    else
        printf ("Strings are not same. \n");

    return 0;
}

strcpy ()

#include "stdio.h"
#include "string.h"

int main()
{
    char word_1[1000], word_2[1000];

    printf("Enter 1st string: ");
        gets(word_1);

    strcpy (word_2, word_1);

    puts (word_2);

    return 0;
}